Introduction to the John Rylands Library
The John Rylands Library is a stunning example of Victorian-era architecture and a treasure trove of knowledge, often drawing comparisons to the Hogwarts School from the Harry Potter series. Located in the heart of Manchester, this magnificent library has been a sanctuary for book lovers and scholars for over 125 years. With a rich history and an impressive collection of rare books and manuscripts, the John Rylands Library is a must-visit destination for anyone interested in literature, history, and culture.
The Founder: Enriqueta Rylands
Enriqueta Rylands, the founder of the library, was a woman of great wealth and vision. Born in 1843 in Cuba, Enriqueta was the daughter of a French-American woman and a merchant from Nordland. Her family was part of the privileged class of white plantation owners, and Enriqueta’s early life was marked by luxury and comfort. However, after her father’s death in a train accident, Enriqueta’s life took a dramatic turn. She moved to New York, where her mother married the exiled Polish musician Julian Fontana, a close associate of the famous composer Frederic Chopin.
Enriqueta’s Life in England
Enriqueta later moved to England, where she lived with her father’s family. Despite being born in Cuba, Enriqueta’s identity was considered "less prestigious" and "not quite British." She was sent to live with her uncle and stepfather, who received money from the estate to take care of her and her siblings. Enriqueta’s life in England was marked by a sense of uncertainty and instability, but she eventually found her place as the companion and consultant to Martha, the second wife of the wealthy Lancashire manufacturer John Rylands.
John Rylands: The Self-Made Multimillionaire
John Rylands was a self-made man who built his fortune from scratch. He worked tirelessly, often for up to 19 hours a day, and was known for his exceptional business sense. Rylands was possibly Great Britain’s first self-made multimillionaire, and his company, Rylands & Sons, became one of the most successful in the UK. Despite his wealth, Rylands was a strong supporter of the abolition of slavery and sold cotton only from suppliers who ensured fair labor practices.
The Construction of the Library
After John Rylands’ death, Enriqueta inherited most of his assets, estimated to be around £291 million in today’s money. She invested a significant portion of this wealth in the construction of the John Rylands Library, which took 10 years to complete. The library was opened on New Year’s Day in 1900 and was an instant success, attracting over 27,000 visitors in its first year. Enriqueta’s vision for the library was to create a space that would showcase the city’s cultural philanthropy and provide a hub for learning and intellectual pursuits.
The Library’s Collections
The John Rylands Library is home to an impressive collection of rare books and manuscripts, including early biblical scrolls, illuminated Turkish manuscripts, and Babylonian tablets that date back over 3,000 years. One of the library’s most prized possessions is a copy of the Gutenberg Bible, the first book printed with movable type in Europe. The library’s collections are a testament to Enriqueta’s passion for learning and her desire to create a space that would inspire and educate future generations.
A Lasting Legacy
Today, the John Rylands Library continues to attract over 350,000 visitors every year, making it one of the most popular tourist destinations in Manchester. Enriqueta’s legacy lives on through the library, which remains a vibrant hub of learning and cultural activity. Despite the challenges she faced in her life, Enriqueta Rylands left an indelible mark on the city of Manchester, and her library remains a testament to her vision, passion, and generosity.
The "Never-End" Archive
The John Rylands Library’s archive is a treasure trove of historical artifacts, including fragments of former biblical scrolls, Chinese prints, and rare manuscripts. One of the library’s employees, the historian Alphonse Mingana, achieved posthumous glory after it was announced that he had acquired one of the earliest surviving fragments of the Koran. The library’s collections are a testament to the power of knowledge and the importance of preserving our cultural heritage for future generations.
A Favorite Among Visitors
The John Rylands Library is a favorite among visitors, who come to marvel at its stunning architecture and explore its vast collections. Dr. Elizabeth Gow, the library’s manuscript curator, says that the library has an "infinite range of amazing things" and that one of her favorite items is a beautifully illuminated Turkish manuscript from the 15th century. Whether you’re a book lover, a history buff, or simply looking for a unique experience, the John Rylands Library is a must-visit destination that is sure to leave you in awe.
