Introduction to Steven Rose
The news of the death of British neurologist Steven Rose brought back memories of the early nineties when I read his book "Biology, Ideology and Human Nature". The book, originally titled "Not in Our Genes", explored the concept of genetic inevitability and its connection to human behavior. This book was unique in its approach and topics, prompting me to follow the works of Professor Rose, who often co-authored with his wife Hilary Rose.
The Debate on Genetic Inevitability
The concept of genetic inevitability is a topic of ongoing debate among scientists and specialists. While some argue that human behavior is determined by our genes, others believe that environmental factors and societal influences play a significant role. The book "Not in Our Genes" presented a sharp criticism of the theses of social biology and genetic inevitability. Rose argued that history and society are more important than human genes in determining the nature of human deeds. This idea is in contrast to the views of scientists like Robert Sapolsky, who suggests that human behavior is influenced by a combination of genetic and environmental factors.
Rose’s Research and Political Position
Rose followed a rigorous approach in his research on chemical memory mechanisms while taking a strong stance against the idea that human behavior is determined by our genes. As a professor at the Open University, he contributed to the development of a democratic approach to teaching practical science. Rose was known for his enthusiasm, fighting spirit, and eloquence in debates with his fellow scientists. In the 1970s, he emphasized that IQ tests, which were widely used in education and employment, did not measure "general intelligence" genetically defined.
Rose’s Critique of Social Biology
Rose’s critique of social biology and genetic inevitability was influenced by his Marxist perspective. He argued that the idea that human social behavior is rooted in the process of natural selection to serve our genes is fascinating but flawed. Rose believed that history and society are more important than human genes in determining the nature of human deeds. His book "Not in Our Genes", co-authored with Richard Lewontin and Leon Kamin, presented a sharp critique of the theses of social biology and genetic inevitability.
Rose’s Vision for a More Equitable Society
Rose’s work went beyond criticizing genetic inevitability to advocating for a more equitable society. He believed that the failure to achieve a fairer society is often attributed to genetic inevitability. Rose’s vision for a more equitable society was rooted in his understanding of the complex interplay between genetic and environmental factors. He argued that living systems are inherently unpredictable and that each individual’s future is shaped by a unique combination of genetic and environmental factors.
Rose’s Legacy
Rose was a prolific writer who combined science, society, and politics in his work. His legacy extends beyond his scientific contributions to his advocacy for a more equitable society. Rose’s work continues to inspire new generations of scientists and scholars who are committed to exploring the complex relationships between genetic and environmental factors. His vision for a more equitable society, where individuals are not limited by their genetic makeup, remains a powerful reminder of the importance of considering the social and political context of scientific research.
Conclusion
Steven Rose’s work serves as a reminder that science is not isolated from ideology or politics. His legacy is a testament to the importance of considering the broader social and political implications of scientific research. While we may not agree with Rose’s visions, we cannot deny the broad human horizon of his writings. Rose’s work continues to inspire us to think critically about the complex relationships between genetic and environmental factors and to strive for a more equitable society.
